Memetik kenyataan akhbar yang dikeluarkan Institut OEKO Eropah yang berpengkalan di Jerman pada 28hb Januari 2013, kilang LAMP milik Lynas di Gebeng, Kuantan dikatakan mempunyai beberapa kelemahan dari aspek operasinya termasuk kesan daripada operasi kilang itu kepada alam sekitar.
Laporan kajian setebal 114 mukasurat yang disediakan oleh Gerhard Schmidt, seorang pengkaji senior yang mempunyai twenty-three tahun pengalaman dalam pengurusan dan pelupusan sisa nuklear, pembersihan dan pemulihan lokasi tercemar khususnya yang berkaitrapat dengan lokasi perlombongan uranium dan lokasi simpanan sisa, perlindungan radiasi, isu keselamatan kemudahan infrastruktur termasuklah berpengalaman luas di dalam kajian impak alam sekitar dan kajian sisa merbahaya merumuskan hasil penemuan ini.
Selaku wakil kepada badan bebas yang terlibat secara langsung dalam projek yang melibatkan penggubal undang-undang negeri dan persekutuan di negara itu, beliau menyenaraikan beberapa hasil dari kajian saintifik beliau di dalam laporan tersebut, diantaranya ialah:
Kawasan sekitar telah dicemari bahan asid pada kepekatan yang tinggi yang tersebar melalui udara dalam bentuk zarah habuk.
Pusat simpanan sisa radioaktif dan sisa toksik tidak dapat mencegah pengaliran keluar sisa-sisa itu daripada mencemari tanah dan air bawah tanah.
Cadangan pelupusan sisa buangan jangka panjang yang berkaitrapat dengan keselamatan radiasi pada situasi atau keadaan yang diterimapakai masih tidak kelihatan.
Harapan bahawa sisa buangan boleh digunasemula oleh pihak awam adalah mengarut/merepek dari aspek saintifik dan teknikal. Tindakan ini akan membahayakan orang awam dan tidak seharusnya diteruskan.
Anggaran kasar! 1.2 jut a tan sisa WLP yang dihasilkan dari Kilang LYNAS haruslah dilupuskan dengan segera di! Pusat Pelupusan Kekal atau "Permanent Disposal Facility (PDF)" yang masih tidak kelihatan sehingga ke hari ini. Operasi kilang Lynas tidak seharusnya diluluskan tanpa Pusat Pelupusan Kekal atau PDF itu.
Agensi Tenaga Atom Antarabangsa (IAEA), Lynas, AELB dan MOSTI tidak bertanggungjawab apabila tidak mengenalpasti, mengambilkira malah menghormati kriteria dos.
Kemudahan Simpanan Residu atau "Residue Storage Facilities (RSF)" yang dibina di kilang Lynas di Gebeng, Kuantan untuk menyimpan residu/sisa dengan menggunakan hanya 1mm lapisan HDPE dan satu lapisan 30cm tanah liat tidak akan diluluskan di Negara Jerman malah untuk sisa toksik yang paling rendah kategorinya sekalipun. Isu kelembapan lapisan RSF ketika waktu hujan dan ketika musim tengkujuh termasuklah keperluan pengeringan untuk simpanan sisa WLP di atas RSF yang tidak diambil kira oleh LYNAS, Kemudahan Simpanan Residu atau RSF itu tidak seharusnya diluluskan oleh agensi yang berkaitan (AELB).
Peralatan Penapisan yang kini digunapakai kilang Lynas untuk mengurangkan pelepasan gas ketika operasi tidak mencukupi/memadai. Malah berdasarkan teknologi terkini di Eropah, penggunaan peralatan yang sedia ada tidak akan diluluskan.
Sisa air yang dihasilkan dari kilang Lynas mengandungi kandungan garam yang tinggi yang hampir sama dengan air laut. Kandungan bahan ini tidak pernah disebut malah tidak pernah dikaji di dalam Kajian Impak Alam Sekitar (PEIA) yang diluluskan Jabatan Alam Sekitar (DOE) pada tahun 2008.
Lokasi pengaliran air sisa yang terbuka sejauh beberapa kilometer boleh dimasuki manusia dan binatang.
Kandungan garam malah underside bumi dari sisa air itu tidak dihadkan malah tidak diawasi. Sesuatu yang sukar difahami kenapa isu alam sekitar yang amat serius seperti ini tidak dikesan malah diperiksa oleh pihak yang berkenaan ketika Kajian Impak Alam Sekitar ini dilakukan pada tahun 2007 lagi.
Kajian d! an kawal an ancaman ketika proses pengeluaran/operasi tidak dila! kukan sep! enuhnya khususnya yang berkaitrapat dengan langkah kawalan kebocoran tangki simpanan, pelepasan wap asid sulfurik ke udara dan kebakaran akibat penggunaan bahan mudah bakar dari penggunaan bahan kimia (asid sulfurik dan asid hidroklorik) pada kuantiti yang banyak.
Pengerusi Lajnah Perumahan, Pengguna Dan Alam Sekitar PAS Pahang yang juga AJK Badan Perhubungan PAS Negeri Pahang dan Pengerusi Stop Lynas Coalition (SLC), Andansura Rabu ketika dihubungi selepas pendedahan laporan kajian saintifik ini mengakui wujudnya kepincangan perancangan rekabentuk dan operasi kilang Lynas semenjak awal lagi malah sebahagian hasil kajian yang dilakukan Institut OEKO dari Jerman itu mirip beberapa isu yang pernah dibangkitkan PAS dan Kumpulan Anti-Lynas sebelum ini.
"Saya ingin mencabar semua pihak yang berkenaan khususnya AELB, Menteri Besar Pahang, Mustapa, Maximus Ongkili dan Najib untuk menjelaskan setiap butiran kajian itu dengan terperinci kerana jelas semua isu yang dibangkitkan Gerhard Schmidt yang mewakili Institut OEKO Eropah itu mempunyai asas saintifik dan fakta teknikal yang kukuh. Sekali lagi ingin saya tegaskan bahawa Lesen Sementara Operasi(TOL) perlulah dibatalkan dan operasi kilang LAMP milik Lynas haruslah dihentikan serta-merta demi keselamatan dan kesihatan penduduk setempat termasuklah ancaman kepada Alam Sekitar", ujar beliau yang kecewa dengan sikap AELB, MITI dan MOSTI yang tidak mengendahkan tuntutan mereka untuk membatalkan Lesen Sementara Operasi (TOL) semenjak penyerahan chit ke MITI akhir tahun yang lalu. -Huzir Sulaiman
*Huzir Sulaiman adalah setiausaha Lajnah Perumahan, Pengguna Dan Alam Sekitar PAS Pahang.
Rare earth enlightening in Malaysia but coherent rubbish government concept
The trickery for enlightening Australian ore combine abounding in singular earth metals of Lynas Corporation in Malaysia has multiform deficiencies connected wit! h a oper ational environmental impacts. The environment is influenced by acidic substances as well as from dust particles, that have been issued in to a air in almost larger concentrations than would be state-of-the-art in off-gas diagnosis in Europe. The storage of hot as well as poisonous wastes upon site does not forestall leachate from leaving a trickery as well as entering ground as well as groundwater. For a long-term disposal of wastes underneath acceptable conditions connected with deviation reserve a tolerable judgment is still missing. These have been a results of a investigate of Oeko-Institute upon interest of a Malaysian NGO SMSL.
In its trickery in Kuantan/Malaysia Lynas refines ore combine for precious singular earth metals. These strategic metals have been applied for example to furnish catalysts, Nickel metal hydride batteries, permanent magnets. A series of emerging key- as well as future-technologies depends from a supply of these singular earths. The ore combine to be polished in Malaysia in addition contains poisonous as well as hot voters such as Thorium. The NGO consecrated Oeko-Institute to check whether a estimate of a ore leads to hazardous emissions from a plant or will remain as dangerous rubbish in Malaysia.
Storage of wastes insufficient
The storage of wastes, that have been generated in a enlightening process, shall be stored in directed towards facilities upon a site, separately for three rubbish categories. According to chemist as well as nuclear rubbish expert Gerhard Schmidt, there will be problems with a pre-drying of wastes that is of a tall Thorium content. "Especially in a soppy as well as long monsoon season from Sep to January, this emplacement routine doesn't work", says Schmidt. "The user has not demonstrated how this complaint can be resolved but increasing a deviation doses for workers".
Additionally a storages! have been only isolated with a one-millimeter thick cosmetic layer as well as a 30 cm thick clay layer. This is deficient! to reli ably enclose a multiform meters tall as well as soppy rubbish masses. "For a long-term government of these wastes Lynas has urgently to achieve a solution", claims Gerhard Schmidt, as well as adds: "in no box those wastes should be marketed or used as construction material, as currently due by a user (Lynas) as well as a regulator (AELB/MOSTI). According to a calculations this would meant to pose tall hot doses to a open around direct radiation".
Mass balance for poisonous voters incomplete
One of a many critical abnormalities is that in a papers applicable interpretation is missing, that prevents reliably accounting for all poisonous materials introduced", says plan physical education instructor Gerhard Schmidt. "So it is not stated that as well as to what amount poisonous by-products, besides Thorium, have been benefaction in a ore concentrate. Also in a emissions of a trickery around wastewater only those voters have been accounted for that have been explicitly listed in Malaysian H2O regulation, but not all issued substances." The salt calm of a wastewater is as tall that it is comparable to seawater. This is liberated but any removal in to a river Sungai Balok.
Scientists subject a issued licenses
The scientists during Oeko-Institute evaluate a detected deficiencies as really serious. Those deficiencies should have been already detected in a chartering process, when a application papers were being checked. However a user received a construction permit in 2008 as well as a temporary handling permit in 2012.
Especially for a safe long-term disposal of a hot wastes a suitable site that meets internationally supposed reserve criteria has to be selected urgently. A accord has to be reached with a influenced stakeholders, such as a internal open as well as their representatives. "If it further stays open how to manage those wastes in a l! ong-term ! tolerable manner, a destiny bequest associated with unsuitable environmental as well as illness risks is ! generate d", considers Schmidt. "The liability to forestall those risks as well as to remove a element is so shifted to destiny generations, that is not acceptable."
Strategic purpose of singular earths
Rare earths have been critical metals that have been used in destiny technologies such as efficient electro motors, lighting as well as catalysts. In its investigate from 2011 "Study upon Rare Earths as well as Their Recycling" Oeko-Institute showed that no applicable recycling of these metals is performed so far. Albeit new positive developments in this direction: gratifying a prognosticated global requires a prolongation of a worldwide primary production.
For many years singular earth metals were exclusively mined as well as polished in a People's Republic of China.
By pointing to their own needs, China finally followed a limiting export policy. Additionally, a mining as well as enlightening of singular earths there is associated with tall environmental impacts. To establish one more primary prolongation of singular earths outward China therefore creates sense. However, tall environmental standards have, of course, to be met. But this is not a box in one of a first new facilities to be operated outward China, as this investigate of Oeko-Institute upon a Lynas plant demonstrates.
-www.oeko.de
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