Song Poem
Moon Meets West Attic
(poem by Li Qingzhao, 1084-c.1151; read by Tong Li)
Drifting sweet fragrance, lotus ruins have been red;
woven mat colours of autumn jade.
Untied, linen floats light as good as soft;
alone, we mount the boat.
Piercing by clouds
comes the letter woven identical to embroidered strings.
As if the seasons sign, furious geese returns
where the full Moon meets West Attic.
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China-Asia map from 1389, Ming cartographer unknown, yet it is formed upon distant progressing world maps, possibly since mislaid or still buried in the little tombs. The edition date of the map is generally important because, prior to to then, the Tang Chinese (618-907AD) had alternative than the overland route followed the seashore line to strech India.
The Malayan peninsula (left) is upon the equine opera seashore as if hanging down from the China land mass, followed by the Arabian peninsula then, recognizably, India (extreme left). None of these facts have been taught in sekolah kebangsaan story classes.
Map title reads, right to left, daming hunyitu, which is an working of the earlier shengjiao guangbeitu. Because the Korean peninsula is depicted relatively many incomparable than the tangible size, Koreans identical to the daming map as good as so reproduced the nearby expect copy in 1402 as good as renaming it kangnido.
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Causes in the Breakdown of Inter-Ethnic Relations: Mahathir, Anglophiles & the Constitution
PREFACE
The Rectification of Names since difference mean duties as good as responsibilities.
If names be not correct, denunciation is not in suitability with the law of things. If denunciation be not in suitability with the law of things, affairs cannot be carried upon to success. When affairs cannot be carried upon to success, proprieties do not flourish punishments will not be properly awarded the people do not know how to pierce palm or foot. Therefore the junzi considers as required his difference have been appropriate, as good as what he speaks of he carries out appropriately. The junzi requires there might be zero incorrect in his words.
Kongzi , in lunyu , The Analects Bk thirteen Ch 3, c.400 BCNets have been for throwing fish; after the single gets the fish, the single forgets the net. Traps have been for throwing rabbits; after the single gets the rabbit, the single forgets the trap. Words have been for removing meaning; after the single gets the meaning, the single forgets the words. Where can we find people who have forgotten words, as good as have the word with them?
..Zhuangzi in Zhuangzi Ch 26, c.300 BCWhereof the single cannot speak, thereof be silent.
Ludwig Wittgenstein in Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, English ed. 1922 AD
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THE MAKING AND UNMAKING OF THE MELAYU
The Manla According to the Chinese
- by Fei Xin, in his personal journal xingcha shenglan, translated, Starry Views from the Reading Raft, c.1436. (Fei, since he additionally review as good as spoke Ara! bic, was supposedly the translator for Zheng He. Zheng died in 1433, three years prior to to Starry Views was created yet twenty years after the categorical work , dated 1416, by an additional of Zheng Hes translators Ma Huan who had gathered annals of the Ming voyages.)
The thoroughfare upon tip of starts with the underline which does not make make use of of the present-day phonetic tenure for Malacca maliujia. Instead it reads manlajia , which is phonetically close to the existing term, opposite however in literal translation.
The clarification differences have been unimportant yet not the phonetic renderings, both of which arrives during the benefaction Malay phoneme, created in the hanzi as malai.
The Ming tenure for Malacca as manla competence not have been arbitrary: man has the in advance particle which denotes water. Manla in literally interpretation is completely split, such as the slight strip of the Malacca Straits which divides the peninsula as good as Sumatra. (Side note: hanzi, Chinese writing, is never capricious in contrast to the Roman denunciation which is essentially the stringing together of alphabets. Most hanzi script characters mount alone, any as if with the story to itself from progressing impressive or ideogram or linguistic forms.)
Notably in the subtitle, Fei describes Malacca as guo , nation, hence the initial 4 characters review manlajia guo.
This is conjunction formal nor decisive justification of nationhood, as is accepted today. But Feis form of residence is an indication of the Mings attitude as good as policy in front of to respect alternative peoples not as targets for conquest or conversion yet as czar independent. If Malacca was indeed nationhood, so has to be the alternative disembark! ation po rts in all seven of Zheng Hes trips. These enclosed place names identical to Champa (a partial of Thailand today), Palembang, Sumatra as good as Java.
Before, nationhood or guo is conjunction sovereignty or statehood in their modern, United Nations clarity clarification today. For the Ming Chinese to recognise Malacca as the nation, they would have had to unseat their concept of Chinese guo onto it. Rather than deliberate the republic inside of the noted physical territory, manlajia was, simply, an organized society. How organised?
One approach to see manlajias relative sophistication is review it with the Korean or Japanese guo, possibly of which has the depth as good as breadth of statehood. By the time of the Ming, the Korean republic had an emperor, ranked justice officials, the bureaucracy, even post offices, central scribe to write edicts, painters to jot down events (a time yet digital photography), the station army, internal police, systems of taxation, law as good as so on. Much of all is singular to Korea during the time, together with the created hanzi Koreans adopted from the Han Chinese yet oral differently.
On those criteria, manlajia competence have been distant reduction advanced, if during all organized in such great detail. It competence have existed primarily as the pick up of fishing villages, with the little of the fishermen moonshining as ride agents as good as infrequently as pirates. Fei referred to zero of the arch or the homogeneous of an emperor. This absence of information is revealing because, coming from the multitude such as Ming China, he would have had to, if there was one.
How had the people of manlajia noticed themselves? And identical places? Were they independent?
Malacca was thus the nation, guo, in the clarity jinzhen romanized as jurchen, yet some-more accurately nuzhen, is additionally the nation. Essentially, the latter is th! e usual tenure for in motion bands of sheep, goat as good as equine herdsmen without, naturally, the organisation domain north of the Great Wall. The jurzhen or nuzhen have been the prototype kin as good as tribes of the Manchus as good as Mongolians.
This is to indicate which Mings central in front of towards manlajia would be no opposite from the consideration for the jurchen, the latter in motion the northern weed plains, the alternative the south sea. Such the station for the guowould total with late Ming Chinas prohibition of undisguised haijin, literally sea ban which subsequently recalled all the emperors ships from the South China Sea. (In rehearse though, haijin was created to prevent trading with pirates as good as Japan. During the later Qing era, it was lifted.) Haijin is an central revise thats vaguely associated to the justice policy of huangming zuxun which restricts direct, central hit with certain groups.
Ming China recognition of manlajia as republic is even some-more appealing since many racial Chinese were during the time proprietor in Malacca as good as in the other, circuitously Indonesian islands. In the passage, alongside the dark-skinned people to whom Fei bade farewell, he additionally described the organisation of fair-skinned people as good as Tang Chinese in this line:
[shuzheng translation: The feverishness gives approach to the cool of dusk. (I see) men as good as women in knotted buns over their back, as good as dark skinned people, the little satisfactory as white, as good as additionally Chinese of the Tang people.]
Malaysian story steadfastly as good as erroneously lend towards to suggests which Chinese presence in the peninsula had started with Zheng He as good as Zheng He only. This isnt only quiescent historiography, a la Khoo Kay Kim, or it might be politically as good as academically expedient. But it is additionall! y the li e, contracting the elementary device: pick the plausible date, announced the Europeans arrived in 1511 as good as thats that. History starts from 1511 with the white man. Its the same Eurocentric approach of describing the US, Canada, as good as Australia. In this regard, Mahathir Mohamad is the practitioner of this Eurocentric history, all politically expedient to him generally yet thats what creates him the failure.
Heres the fact, however: Many Chinese arrived in Malacca as good as alternative tools of southeast Middle East prolonged prior to to Zheng He.
This explains since Ming voyages did not set off during the whim, the single excellent day, since the czar saw he had zero else to do an thought which the west, along with their Khoo Kay Kim Anglophiles lend towards to suggest. Hence, West-written story demeanour upon those Ming fleets really many identical to their own, identical to the trips of Columbus, starting off upon exploration, the dubious tenure when practical to China (Gavin Menziess 1421, The Year China Discovered the World, leads in the misconception). The Ming Chinese, sponsored by the government, knew where they were going. How so?
Ming sailors had sailing charts, as good as the 24-point compass. They had maps (daming hunyitu above), even if inaccurate, yet these indicate Zheng Hes voyages went down frequented sea lanes, interjection to precedents from progressing Chinese trips. The usually subject thats left to be answered is, how distant back?
The answer has the practical make make use of of since the some-more grown the stopover ports the improved it will be to make use of the outrageous stretch of the nearing fleets, to restock uninformed H2O as good as food, as good as for alternative material needs of 28,700 people, all during once. It generally explains since the Mings chose the places which they did.
One transparent difference between the Ming as good as the progressing voyages is which the former undertook longer approach stre! tch ride as good as to over destinations with fewer stopovers. Before the Mings, as good as singular by boat technology, progressing travellers from the Tang as good as Song dynasties would have had organisation from island to island upon the approach to India for Buddhism or to trade food, porcelain, silk as good as spices. By the time of the Song dynasty (960-1279), which is, 200 years prior to to Zheng He, sea starting vessels had left over than the Indian Ocean in to the Red Sea as good as in to benefaction day Egypt.
Imagine yourself the pendatang Melayu or Chinese yet already settled in, your pretentious residence facing the Malacca Straits. One excellent morning, Zheng He turns up in the emperors name, literally facing your front door with the swift of 60 vessels, any the single dwarfing your puny hut, boat masts still up, flags fluttering, as good as the largest with 1,000 upon house looks as big as your little village. Next to your dreams of big increase offered fish, coconuts and teh tarik to the hungry as good as parched organisation of 20,000, what else would we consider of doing? Buy an advance sheet for the float behind to Java? Or to Kerala? Or mount up the nearest coconut tree for the improved view?
Song dynasty (960-1279) sea-going junk, circa 1200, featuring watertight compartments. The picture is from the 13th Century Chinese brush painting. Other impressions have been found here and in dual clips below. Little well known to the west (or to Anglophiles), the Chinese boat industry thrived as early as 100 AD, Han dynasty, since of the need to pierce pellet along the rivers, along the coast, as distant south as Vietnam, as good as for troop ride as good as naval warfare. The 200 AD book spoke of Han ships which ferried up to 700 people as good as cargo 260 tonnes.
This is speculation: once the Song epoch junks had reached Vietnam, it would be the matter of repeating the same island hopping endeavours to strech Kelantan or Borneo afterwards Java as good as Singapore. The Ming voyages underneath Zheng He were not brand brand new to Chinese, therefore; they were simply finished bigger, far, distant bigger, faster, as good as finished so in the name of the emperor.
Below, the work of art in Stephens Turnbull, photo-book Fighting Ships of the Far East. The flag insignias uncover Jin dynasty as good as Song make make use of of of paddle (as opposed to wind driven) boats during war. At inset, tip left image, note the similarity to the irrigation appliance used by Chinese farmers. Chinese mastery of H2O engineering was the thousand years forward of anything of the kind elsewhere in the world.
Actual events, circa 1000 AD, recorded in the Song painting and charcterised in 2010.
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All this means the Ming Chinese identical to Zheng He sailed off upon upon the backs of centuries of sea ride believe as good as knowledge, assembly Chinese upon the way. On his initial voyage, 1402-1407, for example, vacating Nanjing, final stop Calicut in India, he met as good as fought pirates in the Malacc! a Strait s for the initial time, losing, it seems, several thousand men over several battles. Their bandit chief, the Chinese named Chen Zuyi, was captured in 1407 as good as he was, with Zheng He accompanying, returned to the Ming collateral where he was, contend Ming records, summarily executed (you dont wish to know how). The Moroccan Berber Ibn Battuta additionally arrived in Yuan-ruled China upon the Chinese junk circa 1340. Stopping in Calicut he reported seeing thirteen Chinese ships after which he proceeded onwards to Sumatra, Malacca, Quanzhou (Fujian) as good as reaching Beijing during last.
This is how Fei saw the people of manlajia:
[in translation: They have been the coarse people nonetheless elementary as good as honest, during the river they fish, during sea they make make use of of nets.
Where the manla lives, Fei wrote:
[in translation: Their houses have been identical to storied pavilions finished as if not for dwelling, hanging yet as many as the badge or linen, (but) structured not spin high as good as low, with beds, chairs identical to comparison baskets, food as good as drinks served from the kitchen as good as the shower up the flight of stairs.]
Feis description of the people of manlajia guo additionally meant the the single of the beginning rendering significantly, prior to to Parameswara of the manla informative identity, reputed Melayu in partial yet certainly not Malay yet. Fei counted sundry racial groups as residents of manlajia, suggesting the bieing born of the multiethnic republic inside of the afterwards manla.
China as an etymology source of racial groups is not new.
Chinese remember their past by essay it down, usually infrequently by portrayal it. To be able to jot down things as good as events never prior to to witnessed, they have to be accepted as good as oral of. A name is given. Once given, the n! ame give s climb to concepts, the beginning, leading to some-more ideas. The name, therefore, improved be right.
For the purpose of which history, justice as good as central accounts indispensable names to identify border groups coming in to hit with Han Chinese multitude whom the czar as good as his officials have been avocation organisation to strengthen underneath the concept tianxia all underneath heaven additionally encapsulated in this Song epoch idiom by Fan Zhongyan, , peace prior to to pleasure.
The element was quite germane in places facing the marauding bands north of the Great Wall who were constantly after your granary, silk, gunpowder and, always, the girls. The Anglicized word Manchu is subsequent from the phoneme manzu ; so in identical etymological fashion emerged Uygurs, Mongols as good as so on, all self-existent in conditions of unpractical temperament prior to to Sima Qian, the Han dynasty historian. But those names had the subsequent effect of conveying the usual meaning.
Chinese enlightenment as the centre (zhong), or constant, from which other, community identities were initial named, as good as thence to emerge, helps to insist since to it the tenure unwobbling pivot was given. The tenure itself had been subsequent from the single of the tip 4 ranked books () in classical literature, the zhongyong (circa 400 BC), popularly translated Doctrine of the Mean, some-more pertinently the Common Constant. (Other books have been the Great Learning, Analects as good as Mengzi)
Questions: Did the Chinese give Malay the name? And, therefore, gave the Malay the beginning temperament well known by the Mings as manla? What precisely was which temperament prior to to Malaysia or Malaya or prior to to the ! Malacca sultanate? That is, what was the Malay? Who was he? Was he multi-ethnic, as good as how?
The Chinese have the answers; many already created down.
In Malaysia, though, these have been questions chosen left alone since they have been politically inconvenient to face. Yet if the Melayu, the loyal Malay, were to confront their past afterwards it would do so many to relive their existential angst. They could begin to bail out their forgeries from India, Pakistan, as good as Arabia, as good as to re-lay the foundations for bridges in Sino-Melayu relationships.
But, today, there is the significant impediment to the problem. It is the Constitution, which has both exclusive as good as authorised management in defining Malay which persons identical to Mahathir, Chandra Muzaffar as good as the Syeds feat to safety the unfamiliar reason over the local Melayu consciousness. Chinese culture, upon the alternative hand, had regularly preferred, insisted in fact, which they leave alternative people alone. This insistence for non-interference, the word today, stems from again the huangming zuxun.
The Malay According to Law
A stab during the answer to Kadir Jasins ambiguous question, am we not Malay?
The upon tip of Wiki schematic presentation of the Malay temperament is lifted from Article 160 of the Federal Constitution where, identical to elsewhere in the finish document, usually the Malay is defined. It is the narrow, domestic yet not the chronological nor an racial nor the Malaysian nationality clarification nonetheless both Malay ethnicity as good as citizenship criss-cross in usual day usage.
It! is dome stic since Malay as good as Malaysian, yet not wholly synonymous, have been mutually inclusive, with the initial (i.e. Part 1 in the schematic) preceding the second, which is, being Malaysian (Part 2). Another evil of the domestic clarification is the ranked-order of priorities which promote an Arab religious temperament (Islam, Jawi, tudung/turban) only, as good as zero upon the material as good as informative interests of the Melayu (paddy, fishing, wayang kulit, justice etiquette).
Anas Zubedy, partial Arab as good as part, he says, Malay, personifies this Malay-citizenship inclusiveness lodged deep in an visitor culture. Severely attacked as good as called names by an online armed forces of Pakatan trollers for his criticism of the DAP as good as Lim Guan Eng, he invokes the penultimate defense, borrowed from Article 160: the initial five letters in Malaysia reads Malay
Islam as the core of the Malay temperament is rife with problems since sacrament needs to be self-professed, unlike ethnicity which is the matter of skirmish or culture, the latter is in spin the matter of education.
The superfluous dual legs of being Malay occupy the fallacious judicious form called argument by definition wherein the grounds is finished the conclusion. Hence, to contend Malay is the chairman who speaks Malay is tautological nonsense which equals to saying the bachelor is an unmarried man. This, in usual parlance, begs the question: what is the Malay who speaks the Malay?
The answer from Anas, predictably enough, is to repeat the same fundamental circularity with, Im Malay by law, as if ethnicity or enlightenment can be mandated upon paper or governed upon the pain of imprisonment. But it is, in Malaysia, where Mahathir Mohamad leads in the myth-making by appending to the fundamental clarification vicious conditions such as successor as good as definitive people.
As heir, the Malay is M! alaysian by default, to the single side owns the peninsular, the plateau as good as the rivers, sharing residency of which property with alternative immigrants. Immigrant Malay kin groups have nearby involuntary residency rights. The element of Malay successor has never been finished public policy. But it translates in to tangible practice in large particular cases involving spouses as good as the children of Chinese as good as Indians, associated in spin to family law, immigration as good as nationality, generally in instances when there is the contest between the Muslim as good as the non-Muslim.
Being successor implies which Malaya (used interchangeably with Malaysia) was in the progressing forms the recognisable Malay state as good as to the single side Malay populated. The definitive people thought is the extension element of heir. To be definitive is to seemingly indicate which the Malay take dominance over even aboriginal locals in all matters, together with fundamental power.
What gives them this power, which is, what creates the Malay definitive? To which subject is the associated one: whats the point of defining the Malay, as good as usually the Malay, in the Constitution?
The answers, from Mahathir, says the Malay is organized civilized world with an racial enlightenment inland to Malaysia inside of the pre-modern statehood nonetheless Islam is imported. This pre-modern statehood, to Mahathir, is largely colonial era. He never, never, ever explains the facets of this Malay civilized world or enlightenment or statehood, or when any of which initial finished the appearance, from where, as good as how. For him, to do so is to entice trouble.
Consequently, conjunction Mahathir nor the central story content states from who had the Malays, as heir, hereditary the peninsula, as good as after which to give it the name Tanah Melayu. Both successor as good as inheritance indicate red blood relationship, clarification skirmish as good as ethnicity. But there is the complaint with! Mahathi rs element of heir: Malay in the fundamental clarification is frequency the tenure of racial descent.
Because it isnt, Mahathir contingency constantly yet paradoxically return (his many brand new attempt is this) to the fundamental Malay definition.
This isnt merely to suitable the Malay temperament upon interest of Muslims immigrants; rather, it additionally serves to give unpractical effect as good as generally authorised force to the fundamental complaint in the Malay existential identity. That is, the clarification creates the temperament an artificial construct contained in which have been alien benchmarks as good as certain qualitative criteria, Islam being the many critical, denunciation next. Less flatteringly, therefore, the Malay is Arab colonized.
The inverse of this colonization meaning, the Malay assuming the Arab temperament suggests which the Malay is successor of the steaming tropical jungle from the dried people proprietor 8,000 km away. This is an upside down world. But it serves existential as good as domestic purposes: Malay informative or civilized world story could take up Islamic story as if his own, as good as thats starting backwards by 1,400 years, prolonged prior to to Malays had the name for Malays, many reduction Malacca.
Malay assuming the unfamiliar temperament is not new. Filipinos, the Melayu racial kin, do it: their names have been Spanish, their sacrament is Vatican, their denunciation Roman, their institutions American. Only skin colour tells them apart from the west. But Malayness went over than the Filipinos. On the foundations of an visitor enlightenment is the literal invention of the domestic class which is upheld upon as strange ethnicity.
Anglophile identity, as claimed by the Filipino, Hannah Yeoh et al in Malaysia, is sourced from the gweilo as good as the bible. Han racial temperament is sourced from the own story as ! good as generally the philosophical enlightenment as good as ethics, all rooted in the certainty of space as good as time requiring no buttress from the constructions of sacrament or fundamental law. Persons such as Hannah Yeoh (Anglophile) or Ridhuan Tee (Muslim) can come as good as go; they attack as good as humiliate the Chinese identity, yet Chinese-ness stays compact as good as firm.
In contrast, Malay temperament has both law as good as sacrament upon the side. Yet since the Malay is not, fundamentally, racial skirmish the existential angst never seem to go away so which being Malay has to be argued over regularly (by Mahathir, for example) afterwards fought over as good as shielded (Perkasa). The Malay suffers huge temperament contradictions which Mahathir had himself, as good as now by Perkasa, promoted as good as then, paradoxically, attempts to suppress by constantly reasserting Article 160.
The ramification which half of Malaysia is the domestic class whereas the alternative half comprises multiple ethnicities gives distortion to the evidence of beyond race governing body (in the guise of Malaysian First or ketuanan rakyat). In spite of this sloganeering Anwar Ibrahims Pakatan never seem capable of de-racialising governing body since there was never one.
What creates PKR or PAS really gungho in governing body is since they can, casting their nets over as good as wider, pull energy from an electorate pool unlimited by Article 160, the Malay. PAS might be Muslim only, yet this need not be Malay only. Umno, Malay only, is during the boundary of the energy by the own pattern Article 160 thereby creation half the population outward the electoral reach. To strech which half, Barisan is required yet Umno superimposing the contradictory nature onto the rest creates the bloc superfluous.
Umno cannot reinvent itself yet reinventing the Malay or yet the fundamental redefinition. Back afterwards tomanlajia, for therein is the vicious complaint which goes with the relationships b! etween t he Malay as good as alternative communities.
Among these communities, the Chinese as good as Indian have singular domestic energy to give Umno. Fifty years have which energy appropriated from them afterwards transferred to Umno. This appropriation, year after year, began with the Constitution which recognizes the Chinese as good as Indians self-existent status, followed by subdivision manipulation, the erosion of one-man, the single vote, as good as the nearby finish eradication of the Chinese as good as Indian in every globe of public life.
If Malays, Umno Malays in particular, feel threatened politically thats usually since the well-spring from which they once drew energy has been emptied, the Malay good pumped dry by Umno, PAS as good as PKR combined. Should PAS as good as Umno merge, it is still the same Article 160 well. There is no alternative energy source with which to sustain the destiny of Umno so the constant berating from Perkasa as good as Mahathir wont change which fact.
In trying to insist the unwell governance, Razaleigh Hamzah did not to see the empty Article 160 well. He refuses to see which energy had been amassed to Malays, Umno by extension, which is good beyond the ability to reason it, as good as so Razaleigh confuses which to the centralization of energy between individuals, an chosen group.
Umno has to let go domestic energy to the Chinese as good as Indians in sequence to sustain which that the already possesses, which is some-more than the satisfactory share. That is, to keep which that it has, it contingency redistribute the little of the many already in the possession.
Devolution of energy to alternative communities is identical to digging the brand brand new H2O source, the brand brand new well; it is not some-more apportion jobs or scholarships yet actual, larger liberty in how the Chinese as good as Indians wish to organize their lives only as the ! Malays h ave finished for their own (to which they have been entitled, of course). Once the Chinese see this happens, they see nations, guo, with regard to nations, after which inhabitant cohesion or unity comes naturally.
Ethnicities dont clash, yet Anwar Ibrahims Pakatan promotes the equine opera beliefs which it does. Its usually energy which conflicts.
Ethnic marker is used to cohere internally, culturally, not to quarrel outwardly which is the equine opera as good as Anglophile idea. However, to cohere, the name, Malay in this case, contingency be unchanging to itself as good as to the idealisation meaning.
The fundamental Malay clarification forces not only the Melayu yet the Chinese as good to consider in no alternative conditions except politically rather than racially which would have been distant reduction confrontational. This is because, fundamental to Chinese culture, perhaps even Hindus as good as tangible Melayus, the latter yet Arabia, they have been naive about racism. Thats an invention of the west as good as Arabs.
The Malay being the contradiction, his governing body run around in circles starting nowhere. Once Umnos sees which the domestic resurgence rests upon violation this unconstrained cycle of the Malay existential angst, it would turn improved than PAS by being free of fundamental restrictions. Its subdivision would grow of course as the result. For which expansion to last, though, it contingency trust alternative communities to reassert their local identities as good as organize their own lives, only as the Melayus regularly do underneath constitutional, Malay umbrage.
Mings as good as alternative Chinese who arrived in the peninsula prolonged prior to to Malays came to be well known as Malays have been chronological evidences in to the honourable intentions of the Chinese. Fei Xin saw this in the people of manlajia: They have been the coarse people, nonetheless elementary as good as honest
Thats the manlas, howeve! r. For t he Melayu to know who he indeed is, he has to know what he actually was, not something finished up. Again, behind to manlajia.
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DIGRESSIONS
Is Mahathir Malay? No, he is the forgery.
Is Petra Malay? No, he is the dumb rock.
Is Ibrahim Ali Malay? No, he is made.
Is Ridhuan Tee Malay? No, he is musilin.
Is Kadir Jasin Malay? No, he is manla.
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Is Sheridan Mahavera Malay? No, he is nothing.
Is Lisa Ng Malaysian? No, she is gweilo copywriter.
Is Lim Guan EngMalaysian? No, he is guanying , meaning, English hat.
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